The radial distribution system is the cheapest distribution system having single path and widely used in sparsely populated i.e low load density areas. It supplies a group of customers or from only one side. It is mainly used for substations and generating stations located near the load center. In this distribution system, short-circuit or any other fault in would interrupt total power distribution to all consumers connected to this feeder or only restore electricity supply when that fault is removed or repaired.
The radial distribution system consists of a network that radiate feeder from the substation and sub-feeder from branches out to the smaller and smaller lines to reach individual consumers. Mainly, the primary and secondary conductor in radial distribution system are carried on overhead poles or are under-grounded. The distribution transformers are usually connected through the fused cutouts with the feeders, sub-feeders and laterals. Manually operated sectioning or branching switching are installed at the junction of the feeders or sub-feeders.
Advantages of Radial Distribution System
- Low initial cost and maintenance
- Simple and easy design, construction or operation
- Fast installation
Disadvantage of Radial Distribution System
- Not reliable as other distribution system
- High voltage fluctuation when overloaded
- High voltage drop along the length of the feeders